Digital Storytelling and Regional Cultural Reconstruction: A Study on the Integrated Development of Online Micro-dramas and Local Culture-Tourism

Liu Sirong, Hu Zheng, He Chen
(School of Digital Media Engineering and Humanities, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China)

Abstract

Purpose: This paper focuses on digital storytelling and regional cultural reconstruction, exploring the innovative applications of online micro-dramas in the integrated development of local culture and tourism. Methodology: Employing a combination of literature review, observation, and case study methods, this study systematically examines the logical framework of digital narrative in online micro-dramas through in-depth analysis of narrative content, spatiotemporal structures, and narrative techniques. Drawing on specific cases, it reveals how micro-dramas leverage their unique innovative advantages to promote local culture-tourism development. Findings: Cultural tourism micro-dramas have played a significant role in the integrated development of local culture and tourism, achieving effective cultural dissemination and deep exploration of tourism resources. Conclusion: Moving forward, the micro-drama industry must continue to deepen localized content creation and strengthen awareness of high-quality content dissemination, thereby promoting the deep integration of digital storytelling and regional culture to foster sustained prosperity in local culture-tourism industries.

Keywords: online micro-dramas; local culture-tourism; digital storytelling; regional culture

In recent years, online micro-dramas have rapidly emerged as one of China's most dynamic and closely watched new audiovisual program formats, leveraging the support of short-video platforms such as Douyin with their unique advantages of lightweight production, fast pacing, and rich expressive power. However, the rush to produce numerous micro-drama projects has resulted in uneven quality, drawing widespread attention and criticism. Against this backdrop, how to effectively utilize this program format to achieve both cultural and economic benefits has become a critical concern for the micro-drama industry's development.

In January 2024, the General Office of the National Radio and Television Administration issued a notice launching the "Travel with Micro-dramas" creation initiative, providing policy support and directional guidance for the integration of micro-dramas with local culture-tourism industries [1]. In March 2024, during his inspection in Hunan, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed the concept of "promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism," establishing "micro-drama + culture-tourism" as an important means for high-quality development in the tourism sector while opening a new track for the premium development of micro-dramas. This study examines the digital narrative characteristics of online micro-dramas and the perspective of regional cultural reconstruction, summarizing experiences in the integrated development of micro-dramas and local culture-tourism, and proposing strategies for the industry to achieve dual success in cultural and economic benefits.

1. Logical Framework of Regional Culture and Digital Narrative in Micro-dramas

Regional culture represents a unique cultural form accumulated over time within specific geographical areas, encompassing local natural landscapes, folk customs, traditional crafts, dialects, and historical memories that serve as important expressions of regional social identity. Digital storytelling refers to narrative forms that employ digital technologies and media for information expression and dissemination, characterized primarily by multimodal presentation, interactivity, and shareability. These features break through the linear constraints of traditional storytelling, enabling dynamic content and instantaneous distribution. The integration of regional culture with micro-drama digital narrative constitutes an innovative communication model that merges regional characteristics and cultural essence through modern digital technology. This logical framework positions short-video platforms as the narrative field, online micro-dramas as the narrative vehicle, and local culture-tourism resources as the narrative content. This architecture not only demonstrates the dynamic and systematic nature of the narrative process but also represents the external manifestation of narrative structure within the context of modern digital technology. Through this framework, regional culture can be vividly presented in the digital narratives of micro-dramas, forming deep interactions with audiences and promoting cultural inheritance and innovation.

1.1 Short-Video Platforms as Digital Narrative Fields for Regional Culture

As a new type of social application rooted in mobile smart terminals, short-video apps provide users with the capability to record short videos (typically under 30 seconds) using smartphones. These videos facilitate quick editing and enhancement, and more importantly, unlike traditional recording equipment, they do not require prior uploading to internet platforms for distribution. Short-video apps can seamlessly integrate with various social platforms, enabling users to instantly share their creations with friends upon completion [2]. Short-video platforms provide technical support for documenting and disseminating regional culture while promoting diversified cultural expression and narrative content innovation. Leveraging smartphones, 5G networks, and artificial intelligence, users can easily record and publish content related to regional culture. This innovative digital production method breaks through the professional barriers of traditional cultural documentation, allowing ordinary users to become cultural recorders and disseminators. Local festivals, intangible cultural heritage skills, and folk songs can all be showcased and preserved through short videos. For instance, the Douyin platform has introduced the traditional "iron flower" performance—a dying intangible cultural heritage skill—to younger generations, contributing to its inheritance and promotion. Short-video platforms also offer broader expressive space for ordinary users. Creators employ multimodal techniques such as editing, soundtracking, and visual symbols to imbue traditional culture with new meanings, deepening its symbolic value and enriching the artistic expression of traditional regional culture. A notable example is short-video creator Li Ziqi, who uses artistic narrative techniques and aesthetic audiovisual language to transmit the traditional folk customs and handicrafts of northern Sichuan to a global audience.

1.2 Online Micro-dramas as Digital Narrative Vehicles for Regional Culture

Narrative vehicles, as methods of information presentation and communication media, demonstrate diversified narrative forms encompassing text, images, audio materials, and video content. Digital storytelling technology relies on digital interactive methods, employing flexible and varied narrative strategies to integrate and diversify various narrative carriers, constructing a multi-angle, full-cycle, three-dimensional narrative environment. This approach greatly enriches the diversity and expressive pathways of regional cultural communication in the new era, providing audiences with comprehensive and in-depth reading experiences that deepen their identification with regional culture [3]. For example, the micro-drama Xinhuo Jingyang employs modern visual art techniques to deeply explore Jingyang's cultural elements, traditional crafts, and inheritance stories. From the perspectives of intangible cultural heritage inheritors and domestic fashion influencers, it uses the narrative thread of "seeing, understanding, experiencing, and inheriting intangible cultural heritage" to present a three-dimensional, rich tapestry of Jingyang's intangible cultural heritage, inspiring audience appreciation and commitment to cultural transmission. Similarly, Come to Fujian, Be Happy takes viewers along the No. 1 coastal scenic route through cities such as Fuzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, and Ningde, integrating natural landscapes, cultural sites, culinary traditions, and intangible folk customs from nine cities and one district into the drama, creating a joyful and vibrant "Fujian-style living" cultural tourism space. Through online platforms, micro-dramas use "concise" formats to present broad visions and profound sentiments, achieving an artistic effect that encapsulates the grand within the small. Therefore, it is essential to fully utilize digital storytelling technology to enhance the expressive power of micro-dramas and increase the influence of regional culture.

1.3 Local Culture-Tourism Resources as Digital Narrative Content for Cultural Tourism Micro-dramas

Narrative content represents a unique interpretation of the real world, comprising substantive content, verbal expression, and specific narrative actions [4]. As digital narrative content for cultural tourism micro-dramas, local culture-tourism resources encompass natural landscapes, historical sites, folk customs, traditional crafts, culinary culture, and other cultural elements that constitute the core of regional culture. In micro-drama narratives, these resources are often artistically presented through symbolization, transforming core elements of local culture into recognizable visual symbols and narrative themes. Cultural symbols emerge through plot development, character shaping, spatial construction, and prop utilization, becoming key components in meaning-making. For instance, the micro-drama Summer in Dali uses the Cangshan Mountains and Erhai Lake in Yunnan's Dali as its backdrop, combining natural scenery and folk activities with modern youth travel stories to endow regional culture with a more emotionally appealing narrative form. Furthermore, local culture-tourism resources serve not merely as narrative backgrounds but as crucial drivers of cultural plotlines. Creators integrate cultural contexts such as local festivals, traditional crafts, or culinary preparation into storylines, achieving deep embedding between tourism resources and narrative logic. For example, the cultural tourism micro-drama A Dream Pillow of Starry River integrates plot development with Suzhou's intangible cultural heritage, Suzhou-style living, and the "Suzhou Solution" for ancient city preservation and renewal, showcasing the exquisite beauty of contemporary Suzhou's "double-sided embroidery" and using a "small" format to tell the "big" stories of China effectively.

2. Digital Narrative Strategies for Cultural Tourism Micro-dramas

As an emerging digital communication format, cultural tourism micro-dramas combine local culture-tourism resources with modern narrative language through concise narrative structures and visualized content presentation. This approach has created a new track for micro-drama development and pioneered novel pathways for regional cultural dissemination. Their digital narrative strategies present the unique charm of regional culture and enhance audience immersion through comprehensive design of content, spatiotemporal structures, and narrative techniques. These strategies enable culture-tourism resources to transcend from local to global scales, injecting new vitality into the dissemination and innovation of regional culture.

2.1 Narrative Content: Cultural Symbolic Expression through Place-Based Narrative

Place-based narrative emphasizes close association with specific locations, enhancing narrative authenticity and emotional impact by situating story backgrounds in particular places or scenes. This approach focuses not only on the physical characteristics of locations but also on the regional culture, historical background, and emotional experiences they embody. Cultural tourism micro-dramas significantly elevate audience aesthetic experiences by integrating historical stories, folk legends, or local customs into their plots. For example, the work Waiting for You for Three Thousand Years revives a historical tale, using the scene of the protagonists' first encounter as an entry point to skillfully incorporate the "bearing a rod to request punishment" allusion, vividly showcasing Handan's profound cultural heritage as the "Capital of Chinese Idioms and Allusions" [5]. Natural landscapes form the foundation of landscape narrative in cultural tourism micro-dramas, while contextualized narrative of cultural landscapes can highlight the historical depth and social significance of regional culture. "Landscape narrative" employs storytelling approaches to landscape design, reconstructing a site's historical sense and evoking memories of related matters [6]. For instance, a micro-drama set against Xi'an's ancient city walls uses characters' activities on the walls to interweave history with modern life, endowing cultural landscapes with dynamic narrative functions.

Furthermore, symbolic expression of cultural resources can empower cultural tourism micro-dramas to develop cultural IPs. By extracting representative elements from regional culture—such as natural landscapes, historical sites, folk traditions, and specialty foods—and transforming them into visual symbols or narrative cores, clear cultural memory points can be constructed. The micro-drama We Who Travel in Opposite Directions exemplifies this by skillfully integrating plot development with Xi'an's urban landscape, fully showcasing attractions such as the Xi'an City Wall, the brilliant nightscape of Tang Paradise, the beautiful scenery of Tang Lotus Garden, and the unique charm of the Xi'an Film Studio area, vividly presenting the extraordinary appeal of Shaanxi's characteristic cultural tourism destinations [7].

2.2 Narrative Spatiotemporality: Balancing "Fast Pace" and "Slow Living"

In narratology, narrative spatiotemporality is a crucial concept referring to the temporal and spatial structures of events in narratives and their modes of representation. Micro-dramas attract audiences through compact storytelling and rapid plot transitions. However, when applied to the culture-tourism domain, they must deeply excavate and convey the core values and spiritual essence of local culture. Overemphasizing dramatic plotlines may cause audiences to focus solely on storyline discussions while paying minimal attention to cultural tourism elements. Conversely, merely showcasing tourism components while deliberately weakening the plot risks reducing the work to a promotional video or, worse, a "pop-up advertisement" that fails to engage viewers.

The micro-drama My Journey Home Has a Breeze excels at balancing fast pace with slow living, allowing audiences to experience both narrative tension and the beauty of unhurried lifestyles. The series integrates healing slow-living aesthetics with intangible cultural heritage cuisine culture, portraying the protagonist's personal growth. Its measured rhythm and multi-layered plot twists captivate viewers while introducing them to the Sichuan way of life and numerous intangible cultural heritage foods. Your Island Has Arrived constructs a "slow living" narrative space within its "fast-paced" storytelling, depicting urban white-collar workers' burnout from fast-paced city life. Their journey to an island initiates a slow-paced experience, using island scenery, leisurely lifestyles, and the relaxed state of island residents to contrast with the anxiety of modern urban living.

2.3 Narrative Techniques: Immersive + Interactive Storytelling to Enhance Dissemination

Cultural tourism micro-dramas employ both immersive and interactive storytelling techniques to enhance narrative expressiveness and experiential quality while significantly strengthening audience participation and the dissemination effectiveness of local culture. Some micro-dramas focus on immersive storytelling to create realism and a sense of immersion. Through high-definition visuals, three-dimensional camera transitions, and sound simulation technology, they highly reproduce local natural landscapes, historical sites, or folk activities in visual and auditory forms, enabling audiences to "be there" and perceive local culture and storylines. Viewers can use VR devices to immerse themselves in virtual environments, interact with characters, and explore unknown plot scenes. Additionally, they can utilize portable mobile devices to scan specific patterns to activate AR effects, causing characters and scenes to seemingly "leap out" from the screen and seamlessly integrate into real-life spaces.

For example, Handan Dream: AI, Don't Leave Me skillfully integrates artificial intelligence technology with museums, not only revitalizing them through innovative forms but also fully demonstrating technology's immense potential in promoting cultural dissemination and artistic creation, thereby significantly enhancing dissemination effectiveness and influence [8].

Interactive storytelling emphasizes active audience participation and feedback, further strengthening the dissemination and cultural implantation effects of cultural tourism micro-dramas through interactive design. At cultural tourism sites, interactive segments can be cleverly designed to align with micro-drama plots, allowing tourists to personally participate in storyline development and enjoy immediate experiential pleasure from interactive feedback. To recreate the classic scene from Love in the Tea Garden where the protagonists pray and make wishes under a tree, the thousand-year-old camphor tree in Guyan Huaxiang has been meticulously developed as a landmark attraction. The production team specifically installed fences under the camphor tree and provided "wishing ribbons" for tourists, especially couples, to continue their immersive experiences and emotional resonance from watching the drama [5].

3. Effects of Online Micro-dramas in Empowering Regional Cultural Reconstruction

Transforming and reconstructing regional culture is a complex and arduous undertaking. To establish an appropriate cultural core for a region, it is first necessary to deeply understand the original state of regional culture, the main contradictions faced in local socioeconomic development, and the overall quality of local residents, using these as foundations for cultural core formulation. Additionally, it is essential to highlight the uniqueness that distinguishes regional culture from other areas, thereby stimulating pride and enthusiasm among local populations for their distinctive culture and motivating them to actively pursue and inherit it. Simultaneously, it must ensure that external audiences can deeply perceive and recognize the unique value and characteristics of this regional culture, thereby enhancing its cultural influence and recognition [9]. As an important form of cultural dissemination and consumption in the digital age, online micro-dramas provide new media pathways for the reconstruction and regeneration of regional culture through their rapid dissemination capabilities and diversified narrative approaches.

3.1 Cultural Characteristics: Embodying "Local Culture" Features and Highlighting Brand Value

Cultural tourism micro-dramas distinguish themselves from entertainment-oriented micro-dramas by skillfully integrating local customs and cultural-tourism characteristics into specific characters and storylines through unique audiovisual expressions of cultural landscapes and natural resources. The audiovisual shaping of cultural brands and regional personalities forms the foundation for the popularity of cultural tourism micro-dramas, bringing new promotional opportunities and development space for culture-tourism brands across the country.

As an audiovisual network model that deeply integrates online film/television with short videos, micro-dramas possess unique advantages in activating culture-tourism resources. For regions with limited resources, the micro-drama industry's involvement serves as a powerful "booster shot." For instance, A Dream Pillow of Starry River, which incorporates the production process of Suzhou-style fans as an intangible cultural heritage project, strengthens the "Elegant Suzhou" culture-tourism image. Similarly, the micro-drama Flying Youth vividly portrays the picturesque rural scenery and charming river views of its filming location, Caocun Town, with local residents invited to participate in the performance, authentically showcasing the area's unique charm [5]. During the 2024 Spring Festival, the drama's popularity brought nearly 200,000 tourist visits to Caocun Town, representing a significant increase of over 30% compared to the same period in 2023 [10]. Such distinctive local cultural characteristics not only enhance the recognition of local culture-tourism resources and highlight brand value but also effectively promote the market-oriented development of local culture-tourism.

3.2 Cultural Inheritance: "Audiovisual Creation" of Culture-Tourism Resources and Innovative Expression of Cultural Transmission

Cultural tourism micro-dramas transform culture-tourism resources into narratively compelling story scenes through "audiovisual creation," using story characters as vehicles to convey the deep connotations and emotional contexts of historical culture. Such works not only revitalize the essence of historical heritage but also rejuvenate its cultural vitality within contemporary society. On one hand, online micro-dramas employ high-definition imaging, drone aerial photography, and immersive sound technology to authentically reproduce detailed scenes of local culture-tourism resources, providing powerful technical support for visual cultural dissemination. On the other hand, through storied plot design and character development, micro-dramas embed traditional cultural elements within narrative frameworks, integrating them into audience emotional experiences in a more accessible manner. Using modern digital technology as a tool, cultural tourism micro-dramas achieve innovative expressions of cultural inheritance through diversified visual language and regionalized narrative content.

For example, the micro-drama Seeing Dunhuang Again uses three-dimensional animation technology to vividly recreate the "flying apsaras" images from Dunhuang murals, displaying their graceful dance movements and lively expressions, allowing audiences to visually and directly experience the beauty and vitality of this cultural symbol. Simultaneously, Seeing Dunhuang Again uses personal stories to carry cultural inheritance, narrating the tale of a young artist who arrives in Dunhuang by chance and gradually becomes captivated by its cultural charm. This plot design deepens audience understanding of Dunhuang's cultural connotations by combining individual growth with cultural inheritance, transmitting the unique value and contemporary significance of Dunhuang culture through the protagonist's exploration and insights.

3.3 Cultural Innovation: Integrating Modern Creative Expression to Stimulate Local Cultural Vitality

General Secretary Xi Jinping has noted: "The integration of culture and technology not only gives rise to new cultural formats and extends cultural industry chains but also gathers a large number of innovative talents. It is a sunrise industry with great prospects" [11]. Cultural tourism micro-dramas achieve modern transformation and innovative expression of traditional culture by integrating digital technology and cross-media narrative methods. Utilizing cutting-edge technologies such as AIGC, metaverse, and 5G to break through media boundaries, they create immersive and interactive cultural experiences that stimulate new vitality in local culture. This innovation not only reshapes the forms of traditional culture but also expands new dissemination pathways and spaces for the long-term development of regional culture, endowing it with sustained vitality and broad influence in the digital age.

AIGC technology can participate in micro-drama script generation, scene construction, and character development, improving creative efficiency and reducing production costs. Traditional script creation often relies on screenwriters' personal experience and creativity, whereas AIGC technology can automatically generate scripts that meet market demands and audience preferences based on analysis of extensive script data and viewer tastes. For instance, in the micro-drama Chinese Mythology, AIGC technology was used to excavate and reconstruct ancient Chinese mythological stories, producing scripts that retain traditional cultural essence while possessing modern vitality. Additionally, AIGC technology enables creators to quickly construct realistic virtual scenes without actual filming, presenting complex visual effects. In the micro-drama Sanxingdui: Apocalypse of the Future, AIGC technology was employed to recreate and imagine mysterious scenes from the ancient Shu civilization, delivering stunning visual experiences to audiences.

4. Implications for the Integrated Development of Online Micro-dramas and Local Culture-Tourism

As an important vehicle for culture-tourism promotion and cultural dissemination in the digital age, online micro-dramas provide innovative pathway choices for the development and communication of local culture-tourism resources. Their developmental practices in narrative content, spatiotemporality, and narrative techniques offer important implications for the integrated development of local culture and tourism.

4.1 Excavating Regional Cultural Resources to Enrich Micro-drama Narrative Content

The key to promoting premium development of micro-dramas lies in meticulously creating high-quality, influential, and leading content works. Content is the core of micro-dramas and the key to attracting audiences [12]. Many previous micro-drama works drew material from fast-paced online "feel-good" literature, resulting in severe content homogenization and lack of creative impetus. Moreover, some works excessively rendered characters' desires and conflicts, resolving these contradictions through simple, direct means that inadvertently fostered audience dependency [13]. Recently, as audience aesthetic demands have continuously elevated, creative trends in micro-dramas have undergone significant transformation. A batch of high-quality micro-dramas aimed at reflecting social realities, promoting mainstream values, and showcasing regional customs has emerged. Examples include Flying Youth, which depicts college students returning to their hometowns to support rural revitalization; Guangdong Nocturne: A Journey of Food and Light, portraying young entrepreneurs' journeys; A Dream Pillow of Starry River and My Journey Home Has a Breeze, focusing on local intangible cultural heritage inheritance; and Echoes of the Hemudu Bone Whistle, which deeply explores the origins of Chinese civilization and historical cultural transmission [14]. These works skillfully integrate real-world themes such as rural revitalization practices, intangible cultural heritage protection, and major archaeological discoveries with local stories in their content selection, genre design, and plot construction, transmitting positive energy through uplifting narrative styles and fully demonstrating the unique charm and profound heritage of local culture. Micro-dramas should be grounded in authentic regional culture, further excavating local history, customs, languages, and intangible cultural heritage while avoiding formalistic or stereotypical expressions. They should focus on culturally distinctive and recognizable elements, such as specific folk festivals, architectural styles, culinary cultures, or natural landscapes, to shape vivid regional identities. When excavating traditional cultural resources, they should incorporate contemporary audience values and aesthetic needs, focusing on dialogue and integration between traditional culture and modern life.

4.2 Integrating Regional Cultural Characteristics to Optimize Micro-drama Narrative Spatiotemporality

The design of narrative spatiotemporality is a critical component of cultural tourism micro-dramas, directly influencing the depth of audience experience with cultural and tourism resources. The rich cultural connotations of local culture-tourism resources provide broad narrative space for micro-dramas. In constructing narrative spatiotemporality, emphasis should be placed on embodying the "locality" of regional culture by combining local historical backgrounds, geographical features, and folk customs to create narrative scenes with cultural symbolic significance. Simultaneously, balancing fast-paced content progression with slow-living emotional experiences achieves equilibrium in narrative spatiotemporality, allowing audiences to perceive cultural depth while completing emotional engagement within limited timeframes. For example, using a journey as a narrative thread to showcase local scenery, cuisine, and cultural activities within a short timeframe enhances narrative compactness while highlighting the profound implications of local culture.

4.3 Leveraging Emerging Communication Technologies to Innovate Micro-drama Narrative Techniques

The continuous upgrading of AIGC technology and its deep integration with micro-dramas has formed new-quality content productivity, opening new space for industry development and establishing micro-dramas as a cutting-edge force in digital content [15]. To fully realize the role of online micro-dramas in depicting China's urban and rural landscapes in the new era and promoting culture-tourism integration, we must regard digital technology and artistic expression as the foundational framework for constructing audiovisual narratives of Chinese stories, activating the dual driving forces of both to enhance the artistic presentation of digital storytelling. At the production level, online micro-dramas are actively exploring integration pathways with new media such as gaming and VR. Simultaneously, the widespread integration of artificial intelligence technology will make micro-drama production processes more professional, scalable, and efficient, further expanding the boundaries of creativity and imagination. Moreover, by introducing AI technology to assist creators in outline construction, data searching, and storyboard design for linear content, small production teams can efficiently develop high-quality documentary shooting plans and narrative structure frameworks [16]. Additionally, multiple stakeholders—including online video platforms, long and short drama producers, film studios, and MCN agencies—are actively integrating into the micro-drama industry chain layout. Meanwhile, local culture-tourism departments are collaborating with professional institutions, leveraging their respective expertise in regional culture excavation and video content creation to jointly promote the high-quality development of online micro-dramas [17].

With the rise of video platforms, the integration of online micro-dramas with the tourism industry is becoming an emerging trend, demonstrating enormous development potential and commercial value. Successful "online micro-drama + culture-tourism" projects have achieved the effect of "shaping tourism through culture and highlighting culture through tourism," bringing new vitality to the culture-tourism industry and creating new opportunities for industrial win-win outcomes. Moving forward, online micro-drama creation must continue to enrich narrative content, optimize narrative spatiotemporality, and innovate narrative techniques to promote audience value transformation from content consumption to culture-tourism consumption. This will form a logical closed loop of mutual complementarity, mutual promotion, and energy transmission between micro-dramas and culture-tourism development [18]. Through comprehensive optimization of emotional narrative, technological integration, and communication strategies, micro-dramas will become an important medium for promoting regional cultural inheritance and innovative development.

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Author Biographies:

He Chen (1974—), female, from Ningxiang, Hunan, Ph.D., Professor. Research interests: new media communication.

Liu Sirong (2001—), female, from Xiangxiang, Hunan, Master's student at Hunan University of Technology and Business. Research interests: new media communication.

Hu Zheng (2004—), male, from Changning, Hunan, undergraduate student. Research interests: new media communication.

(Executive Editor: Li Jing)