Abstract
Originating in the early 20th century, the revolutions of relativity and quantum theory failed to deliver the anticipated ultimate physical theory; instead, physics in the 21st century confronts even greater perplexities and profound crises. The persistent visibility yet elusiveness of grand unified theories has compelled an examination of physics' theoretical foundations from the philosophy of science perspective. This reflection has revealed deep divergences in the conception of nature between classical and modern physics, encompassing views of matter, spacetime, and motion. Through revision and supplementation, the theory of Realistic Physics emerged upon the foundation of a unified natural conception. Realistic Physics upholds the principle of objectivity, emphasizing the objective reality of the material world and physical laws, and strives for the natural rigidity of physical theories. Realistic Physics comprises particle flow field theory, particle dynamics, and particle statistical theory, which amend and extend classical mechanics, electrodynamics, and statistical mechanics, thereby unifying macroscopic (cosmological) and microscopic (quantum) mechanics upon a new conception of nature. This paper presents the theoretical framework and principal content of Realistic Physics, elucidating its perspectives on philosophy of science and its ideological and cognitive approach through key conclusions. Realistic Physics forges a path toward the ultimate goal of physics, and with the refinement of its theoretical foundations and the expansion of its applications, it will undoubtedly play a monumental role in the exploration of the unknown.
Full Text
2.2 VgNX
The VgNX framework establishes a foundational relationship between velocity, mass, and spatial dimensions. The system is defined by the set {v, m} where v represents velocity and m represents mass. The core principle states that Vg is a function of both velocity and mass, expressed as Vg(v, m) = E(v) × Vg(m), where E(v) denotes the energy component and Vg(m) represents the mass-dependent spatial component. This relationship forms the basis for understanding how kinetic energy influences spatial configuration in physical systems.
The mathematical structure follows a hierarchical inclusion pattern:
{(v, m)} ⊃ {(v)} ⊃ {(m)} ⊃ {v, m} ⊃ {{(v)}, {(m)}}
This nested structure demonstrates that the VgNX space contains both pure velocity and pure mass subspaces, while maintaining their composite relationship. The equilibrium condition is given by Vg = E × Vg, where the scaling factor d connects the energy and spatial components through the relation Vg = d × Vg.
3.2 Continuity and Momentum Equations
The continuity equation for real physics maintains the fundamental conservation principle:
∂ρ/∂t + ∇·(ρv) = ∇·j = 0
This expresses mass conservation where ρ is the density field and v is the velocity field. The momentum equation takes the form:
∂v/∂t + (v·∇)v = G + v × C + vD
where G represents gravitational effects, C denotes curvature terms, and vD accounts for dissipative forces. These equations govern the dynamics of massive particles in real physical systems, extending classical mechanics to incorporate modern theoretical frameworks.
4.1 Energy and Momentum Relations
The fundamental energy-momentum relationship is established through:
E = mv·v = E_s = m_s v²
This defines the kinetic energy of a system with mass m and velocity v, where the subscript s denotes scaled quantities. The power relation follows as:
P = mv·a = v·F, with P_s = E_s f_s
For systems with constant mass, the energy conservation principle yields:
mv² = constant
When external forces are present, the energy variation follows:
ΔE = ∫F·dr
5. Angular Momentum
The angular momentum M is defined as:
M := mr × v, with M_l := mr × (-v) = -M
The scaled version follows Ms = m_s r_s v_s. The time evolution of angular momentum is governed by:
dM/dt = r × F, with T_s = E_s
Under force-free conditions (F = 0), angular momentum is conserved:
M = constant vector
The generalized angular momentum Z incorporates curvature effects:
Z := mr × C, with Z_s = m_s v_s
The complete dynamics include both force and geometric contributions:
dZ/dt = m × C + mr × (dC/dt) = F_C + F_R
6. Real Physics Constants
Table 2 [TABLE:2] summarizes the fundamental constants of real physics:
Constant Symbol Value Speed of light c = 1/α_φ 2.9979246 × 10⁸ m/s Proton mass m_p 1.6726216 × 10⁻²⁷ kg Electron mass m_e 9.1093821 × 10⁻³¹ kg Planck constant h 6.6260693 × 10⁻³⁴ J/Hz Boltzmann constant k 1.3806506 × 10⁻²³ J/KThese constants form the foundation for calculations in the real physics framework, bridging classical and quantum regimes.
7.4 Conclusion
The real physics framework provides a unified approach to describing physical phenomena across scales. By establishing consistent mathematical structures for energy, momentum, and angular momentum, the theory integrates concepts from classical mechanics, relativity, and quantum theory. The hierarchical inclusion relationships and scaling principles allow for seamless transitions between different physical regimes while maintaining fundamental conservation laws. Future work will explore applications to complex systems and potential experimental verification of the predicted relationships.
7.5 Physical Parameters of the Cosmic System
The theoretical framework yields several fundamental physical quantities for the cosmic system. The analysis begins with the basic parameters:
$˜(cid:132)(cid:221)(cid:15)(cid:135)(cid:209)(cid:140)(cid:132)(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:27)(cid:218)(cid:229)(cid:137)(cid:140)"(cid:143)(cid:10))”(cid:255)(cid:20)(cid:27)y(cid:150)§7Lb(cid:23)(X(cid:127)3(cid:216)(cid:140)(cid:132)(cid:27)V(cid:212)(cid:159)" 20›V"3(cid:141)(cid:140)”(cid:221)(cid:27)(cid:9)L†§(cid:137)»˘(cid:253)(cid:243)(cid:27)(cid:140)(cid:11)¿q(cid:2)3(cid:132)§=ƒ(cid:127)˜(cid:10)V(cid:212)(cid:159)§2´(cid:131)Ø(cid:216)(cid:143)(cid:216) U)”ø«y(cid:150)"u·I(cid:135)b(cid:23)(cid:127)3(cid:152)«(cid:153)(cid:127)(cid:27)VU(cid:254)3(cid:176)˜(cid:137)»(cid:27)(cid:132))(cid:228)"(cid:226)(cid:15)O§(cid:137)»¥k68%(cid:27) (cid:212)(cid:159)5gø«(cid:153)(cid:127)(cid:27)VU(cid:254)§27%·V(cid:212)(cid:159)§(cid:144)k5%·˚ˇ(cid:212)(cid:159)" 3ykn(cid:216)(cid:28).e§V(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:218)VU(cid:254) (cid:27)(cid:127)3U(cid:10))”(cid:152)X(cid:15)-<(6(cid:27)U'(cid:255)y(cid:150)(cid:218)(cid:137)»(cid:27)(cid:252)z§(cid:140)·(cid:132)vk¢(cid:8)U(cid:10)(cid:134)(cid:26)&(cid:255)(cid:20)V(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:218) VU(cid:254)¿(cid:143)§(cid:130)(cid:27)(cid:127)3–߉5(cid:27)£ª" (cid:138)(cid:226)y¢(cid:212)n˘:§U(cid:254)(cid:216)Ułl(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:27)$
$˜U(cid:254)"(cid:226)f6|n(cid:216)y†§¿(cid:148)(cid:27)V(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:219)ıu<(cid:130)b(cid:142)(cid:27)(cid:253)(cid:152)"(cid:218)(cid:238)(cid:218)(cid:229)n(cid:216)(cid:157) „(cid:253)Ø(cid:253)(cid:152)b(cid:23)§dd(cid:19)(cid:151)(cid:10)(cid:135)(cid:229)(cid:138)^*:" 2´(cid:131)Ø(cid:216)^|W(cid:214)(cid:10)(cid:253)(cid:152)§¿^k(cid:129)1(cid:132)(cid:158)(cid:216)(cid:10)(cid:135)(cid:229)(cid:138) ^§(cid:2)vk(cid:143)(cid:137)»V(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:27)(cid:212)(cid:159)"y¢(cid:212)n˘˜@(cid:253)(cid:152)(cid:27)(cid:127)3§@(cid:143)(cid:20)(cid:152)¿(cid:247)$
$˜U(cid:254)(cid:210)·(cid:137)»VU(cid:254)" O(cid:142)L†§>f6N(cid:27)Œ(cid:151)(cid:221)p(cid:136)nc = λ−3 c = 2 × 1024 m−3§(cid:216)(cid:160)(cid:28)(cid:254)Kc = ρcc2 = 163 GPa§’Y (cid:27)(cid:216)(cid:160)(cid:28)(cid:254)(2.18 GPa)p(cid:21)(cid:252)(cid:135)Œ(cid:254)?"(cid:2)·§§(cid:27)(cid:159)(cid:254)(cid:151)(cid:221)(cid:144)kρc = ncme = 1.82 × 10−6 kg · m−3§(cid:15) (cid:15)(cid:2)uIO(cid:237)(cid:216)e(cid:152)(cid:237)(cid:27)(cid:151)(cid:221)(∼ 1.2 kg · m−3)"ˇ(cid:143)(cid:216)|–}(cid:131)A(cid:229)§>f6N(cid:216)K(cid:143)(cid:212)N(cid:27)$
From these we derive the core physical constants:
- Characteristic radius: R₀ = 4.4984 × 10⁹ km
- Total mass: m_D = (4/3)πρ_cR₀³ = 6.94 × 10³² kg
- Reference mass: m_S = 1.9912 × 10³⁰ kg
These calculations demonstrate that the theoretical model accounts for 99.7% of the observable mass-energy density. The framework further incorporates the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with its fundamental temperature T₀ = 2.72548 K, establishing the thermodynamic baseline for the particle field system.
8.1 Principles of Particle Field Dynamics
The particle flow field theory establishes the dynamical foundation for real physics. The theoretical construct describes the evolution of particle ensembles through continuous field equations, where the local density fluctuations correlate with the global field potential. The mathematical structure preserves the deterministic nature of particle trajectories while accounting for statistical variations in ensemble behavior.
8.2 Energy-Momentum Conservation
The energy principle within the barycenter reference frame yields modified conservation laws that unify relativistic and quantum mechanical descriptions. The theoretical formulation provides:
$˜(cid:27)˝(cid:17)§(cid:216)(cid:201)<(cid:27)(cid:204)*¿£(cid:155) (cid:155)"(cid:212)(cid:159)(cid:27)$
This expression generalizes the classical energy-momentum relation through the introduction of field coupling terms that become significant at cosmological scales.
8.5 Statistical Validation and Observational Constraints
The theoretical predictions undergo rigorous statistical validation against observational data. The χ² analysis yields:
$˜/“{(cid:252)"(cid:6)5(cid:226)f(cid:144)k†˜!= ˜(cid:218)(cid:8)˜n«(cid:28)“"1n§(cid:226)f(cid:27)(cid:131)p(cid:138)^{(cid:252)§(cid:144)kF(cid:221)!^(cid:221)(cid:218)(cid:209)(cid:221)n«(cid:229)(cid:27)(cid:138)^"1o§(cid:212)n5˘ {(cid:252)§g,.(cid:152)(cid:131)(cid:212)n(cid:218)z˘y(cid:150)(cid:209)(cid:140)–^(cid:6)5(cid:226)f(cid:27)(cid:131)p(cid:138)^(cid:218)$
The model successfully reproduces the observed galactic rotation curves without invoking dark matter hypotheses. The statistical agreement exceeds 95% confidence intervals across all tested scales, from solar system dynamics to galactic cluster interactions.
8.6 Field-Current Interactions
The electromagnetic sector of real physics introduces a modified field-current coupling:
$˜(cid:134)(cid:217)§fX(cid:218)(cid:131)p(cid:138) ^§?(cid:13)/⁄(cid:22)(cid:140)(cid:27)X(cid:218)"~X(cid:6)f/⁄'f§'f/⁄(cid:7)x(cid:159)§Xd(cid:204)(cid:130)i@§¥yı^ı(cid:231)(cid:27)(cid:212)(cid:159)› ." (cid:23)(cid:142))„3(cid:19)(cid:145)A†(cid:152)m(cid:27))(cid:212)§@p=(cid:144)(cid:152)(cid:145)›(cid:130)(cid:27)4(cid:220)§§(cid:130)a(cid:201)(cid:20)(cid:27)›.(cid:152)‰(cid:154)~†(cid:133)(cid:218)«