Most papers are machine-translated to English; some are originally in English.
Showing 50 of 77 papers in Nuclear Science And Technology
Burnup credit reduces the estimated value of $k_{eff}$ in spent fuel criticality safety assessments by accounting for changes in nuclide composition during the burnup process; however, uncertainties in the sample bias of nuclide compositions affect the accuracy of criticality calculation results. To…
As the semiconductor industry advances toward nodes below 7 nanometers, critical dimension small-angle X-ray scattering (CD-SAXS) has become a vital technology for the quantitative measurement of nanoscale deviations. This study investigates the effects of X-ray beam size and photon energy on the pr…
High-altitude intense pulsed $\gamma$-rays propagate through the upper atmosphere to generate intense radiation fields, which can lead to performance degradation or functional failure of electronic systems in orbiting spacecraft. By employing the Monte Carlo method combined with variance reduction t…
X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) is an important structural analysis technique widely used to study the oxidation states, coordination environments, and neighboring atomic characteristics of amorphous materials and disordered systems. However, due to the complexity of XAFS spectra, their inter…
The user wants me to translate a scientific text from Simplified Chinese to English. However, the text provided is already in English. Let me re-read the instructions carefully. The instructions say: "Translate from Simplified Chinese to English with the highest accuracy and academic tone." But the …
As the core guarantee for the performance of large-scale scientific facilities, particle accelerator alignment technology aims to achieve high-precision spatial positioning of critical components such as magnets. The leap in alignment precision from sub-millimeter to sub-micron and even nanometer le…
When the operating temperature of a Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor, the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source. However, the key to the efficiency and return on investment of this hybrid energy s…
Monte Carlo simulations with the CRISP code were conducted to study spallation and fission fragment distributions induced by intermediate- and high-energy protons and photons on actinide and pre-actinide nuclei. The model accounts for intranuclear cascade, pre-equilibrium, and evaporation-fission co…
This study aims to investigate the responses of a perovskite-based direct-conversion dual-layer flat-panel detector (DL-FPD) numerically. To this end, the X-ray sensitivity, spatial resolution quantified by the modulation transfer function (MTF), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of the DL-FPD …
In high-level radioactive waste geological disposal, bentonite is commonly employed as a buffer/backfill material. The existence form of its colloids in the deep geological repository environment may influence the sorption, diffusion, and migration behaviors of key radionuclides. Focusing on single-…
Self-Powered Neutron Detector (SPND), as an important detection component for in-core neutron fluence rate measurement, exhibits generally small signal currents and delayed response due to its special response mechanism. Currently, research on SPND sensitivity also lacks in-reactor experimental data…
Traditional digitizers for signal readout of PET detectors are based on commercial analog-to-digital converters (ADC). However, the cost and power consumption of an entire electronic readout system based on digitizers for a PET scanner are high. To address this problem, a soft-core ADC based on a fi…
X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) is an important structural analysis technique widely applied to investigate the oxidation state, coordination environment, and neighboring atomic properties of amorphous materials and disordered systems. However, due to the complexity of XAFS spectra, their int…
The ultracold neutron (UCN) transport code, MCUCN, designed initially for simulating UCN transportation from a solid deuterium ($\rm SD_{2}$) source and neutron electric dipole moment experiments, could not simulate UCN storage and transportation in a superfluid $\rm{^{4}{He}}$ (SFHe, He II) source …
Single crystal GaN epilayers were irradiated with heavy inert-gas ions (2.3-MeV Ne8+, 5.3-MeV Kr19+) to fluences ranging from 1.0×1011 to 1.0×1015 ions/cm2. The strain-related damage accumulation versus ion fluences was studied by using a high-resolution X-ray diffractometer (HRXRD) and an ultraviol…
Gas-cooled micro-reactors are constrained by their compact arrangement and high-temperature operating environment, which limits core monitoring to only a small number of ex-core detectors. A nuclear measurement system layout scheme coupling neutron sources with ex-core detectors for micro-reactors i…
High flux reactors (HFRs) are a special type of research reactor aimed at providing a high neutron flux. Compared with power reactors and other research reactors, HFRs have unique technical features in terms of reactor core design, irradiation capability, and operating characteristics. They can be a…
High multipole electromagnetic transitions are rare in nature. The highest multipole transition observed in atomic nuclei is the electric hexacontatetrapole E6 transition from the T1/2 = 2.54(2)-min Jπ = 19/2− isomer to the 7/2− ground state in 53Fe with an angular momentum change of six units. In t…
The fusion dynamics of \ce{^6Li} and \ce{^7Li} projectiles incident on \ce{^{13}C} and \ce{^{12}C} targets, respectively, near the Coulomb barrier, were investigated theoretically using the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) model. Within the AMD framework, the ground state configurations of \…
Nuclear masses play a crucial role in both nuclear physics and astrophysics, driving sustained efforts toward their precise experimental determination and reliable theoretical prediction. In this work, we compile the newly measured masses for 296 nuclides from 40 references published between 2021 an…
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne gamma-ray spectrum surveys play a crucial role in geological mapping, radioactive mineral exploration, and environmental monitoring. However, raw data are often compromised by flight and instrument background noise, as well as detector resolution limitations, whic…
To study the uncertainty quantification of resonant states in open quantum systems, we developed a Bayesianframework by integrating a reduced basis method (RBM) emulator with the Gamow coupled-channel (GCC)approach. The RBM, constructed via eigenvector continuation and trained on both bound and reso…
To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials, numerous countries have established specific stan dards. For the transfer of fissile materials, it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains in a subcritical state during routine, normal, and accidental transport conditio…
The neutron diffusion equation plays a pivotal role in the analysis of nuclear reactors. Nevertheless, employ#2;ing the Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) method for its solution entails certain limitations. TraditionalPINN approaches often utilize fully connected network (FCN) architecture, whi…
Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) play a vital role in machine learning and demonstrate significant advantages in addressing complex physical problems. The PINN method enables rapid prediction of 220Rn progeny concentration and holds significant importance for the regulation and measurement o…
In this study, the dosimetric characteristics (thickness applicability, preheating time, temperature and hu midity dependence, in-batch uniformity, readout reproducibility, dose linearity, self-decay, and electron energy response) of engineered polycarbonate films irradiated with an electron beam (0…
Many adsorbents have been developed for uranium recovery to ensure global energy and environmental security. However, most reported adsorbents involve complex preparation process and rely heavily on petrochemical feedstocks, which undoubtedly increases carbon emissions from production in the nuclear…
Computational phantoms play an essential role in radiation dosimetry and health physics. Although mesh-type phantoms offer a high resolution and adjustability, their use in dose calculations is limited by their slow computational speed. Progress in heterogeneous computing has allowed for substantial…
With the significant development of high-intensity hadron (proton and heavy ion) accelerator facilities, the space charge effect has become a major limiting factor for increasing beam intensity because it can drive particle resonance, forming beam halos and causing beam quality degradation or even b…
In this paper, a novel method for investigating the particle-crushing behavior of breeding particles in a fusion blanket is proposed. The fractal theory and Weibull distribution are combined to establish a theoretical model, and its validity was verified using a simple impact test. A crushable discr…
Reactor burnup calculations are crucial to the safe operation and fuel management of nuclear power plants. In recent years, the Chebyshev Rational Approximation Method (CRAM) has emerged as one of the primary methods for solving burnup equation systems. When employing CRAM, complex matrix computatio…
To calculate the detection efficiency curve and coincidence correction factors for a well-type HPGe detector, the detection efficiency of the HPGe was calibrated using commonly employed single-energy γ radionuclide standard sources, while cascade coincidence correction factors for common radionuclid…
In the present study, we systematically calculate the photon absorption cross sections of even-even nuclei in the neodymium (Nd) isotopic chain using the Dirac quasiparticle finite amplitude method (relativistic QFAM) in conjunction with the differential small-amplitude broadening approximation (TSA…
Small gas-cooled nuclear reactor systems predominantly employ nitrogen-xenon mixtures as the working fluid and core coolant. At the recommended mixing ratio, their Prandtl number (Pr) can be as low as 0.2. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach relies on turbulence models and turbulent …
Compared with conventional thermal neutron reactors, fast reactors exhibit higher fuel enrichment and a harder neutron spectrum, while the Doppler broadening effect, primarily associated with U-238, is weaker during reactor operation. Consequently, the impact of core structural deformation on reacti…
The temperature oscillation phenomenon in the upper plenum of a lead-based reactor core constitutes one of the critical factors influencing the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants, and its accurate depiction holds significant importance for analyzing thermal pulsation mechanisms. Numer…
Hexagonal boron nitride possesses a layered structure composed of hexagonal rings similar to graphene, thereby exhibiting excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, and has attracted widespread attention in numerous application fields. In view of the high energy consumption issues ass…
The Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE) is currently under construction as one of the world's most advanced hard X-ray free-electron laser facilities. The timing system, as an essential part of the free-electron laser facility, provides precise timing of trigger pul…
Shanghai Proton Therapy Device (SAPT) represents the first domestically-developed proton therapy demonstration system. The rotating gantry constitutes a critical component of the proton therapy apparatus, achieving an isocentric accuracy of ±0.275 mm that surpasses international mainstream equipment…
Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy, due to its high thermal conductivity, high heat capacity, and capability to operate at high temperatures under atmospheric pressure, has become one of the primary candidate materials for primary loop coolant in fourth-generation reactors. The insufficient mixing of…
Recently, machine learning has become a powerful tool for predicting nuclear charge radius $R_{\mathrm{C}}$, providing novel insights into complex physical phenomena. This study employs the continuous Bayesian probability (CBP) estimator and the Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to optimize the predict…
We propose a hybrid Compton and positron emission tomography (PET) prototype system aimed at enhancing data utilization efficiency and enabling simultaneous imaging of multiple radiopharmaceuticals. The prototype system comprises two detectors employing LYSO-SiPM (silicon photomultiplier coupled cer…
Accurate atomic mass data hold significant application value in various research fields, in which Penning Trap mass spectrometry is considered the most precise experimental method. A cryogenic detection system is a key component for reading out the image charge of charged particles in Penning traps …
The vapor diffusion and transport resulting from steam generator tube rupture (SGTR) accidents are a majorconcern threatening lead-based reactor core safety. In this study, a high-parameter SGTR experimental platformand the multiphase multi-physics processes numerical simulation were developed to in…
DAYU3D is a modern three-dimensional (3D) computer code for thermal-hydraulic design and accident analysis in high temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs), developed by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (INET) at Tsinghua University. Compared to the traditional codes like TINTE, the…
Exploring the limits of neutron binding in atomic nuclei remains a central focus of nuclear physics. However, the experimental determination of the neutron drip line is challenging because of the minuscule production cross sections of the most neutron-rich isotopes. We investigated the effectiveness…
The neutron excess effect, originating from the vanishing of one part of (\bm{\tau}\text{1} \cdot \bm{\tau}\text{2}) operator matrix elements, was appropriately considered within the Skyrme-type $\Lambda N N$ three-body interactions and applied to the deformed SHF model. Analysis of a broad range of…
To assess the structural safety of the graphite core in gas-cooled microreactors and obtain the stress state of core graphite components under seismic excitation, this study compared acceleration and velocity curves from small-scale graphite block collision experiments with simulation results. It wa…
We studied the energy partition between two well-separated fission fragments associated with the partition of nucleons owing to quantum entanglement. This is different from most fission models that invoke an explicit statistical partition of excitation energies. The dynamical fission evolution is de…
The deep inelastic collision process of the $^{18}\text{O}+^{238}\text{U}$ system at an incident energy of 8.5 MeV/u was investigated using the Improved Quantum Molecular Dynamics (ImQMD) model coupled with the GEMINI++ statistical decay model. By analyzing the total kinetic energy-mass distribution…
